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JEE Advanced 2025 Paper 1 · Chemistry · Chemical Equilibrium · medium

One mole of N2O4(g) is allowed to reach the equilibrium N2O4(g)rightleftharpoons 2NO2(g) at a fixed temperature. At equilibrium the total pressure is…

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One mole of N2O4(g)\mathrm{N_2O_4(g)} is allowed to reach the equilibrium N2O4(g)⇌2NO2(g)\mathrm{N_2O_4(g)\rightleftharpoons 2NO_2(g)} at a fixed temperature. At equilibrium the total pressure is 2.0 bar2.0\ \mathrm{bar} and the degree of dissociation is 0.400.40 (molar mass of N2O4=92 g mol−1\mathrm{N_2O_4}=92\ \mathrm{g\,mol^{-1}}). Choose the correct statement(s).
  1. A. Kp≈1.52 barK_p\approx1.52\ \mathrm{bar} at this temperature
  2. B. If the equilibrium mixture is compressed isothermally to a total pressure of 4.0 bar4.0\ \mathrm{bar}, the new degree of dissociation is below 0.300.30
  3. C. The average molar mass of the equilibrium mixture is about 65.7 g mol−165.7\ \mathrm{g\,mol^{-1}}
  4. D. Adding argon at constant volume and temperature shifts the equilibrium towards NO2\mathrm{NO_2} and increases the degree of dissociation
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Answer: A, B, C

With α=0.40\alpha=0.40: moles of N2O4=0.6\mathrm{N_2O_4}=0.6, of NO2=0.8\mathrm{NO_2}=0.8, total 1.41.4. p(NO2)=2×0.8/1.4p(\mathrm{NO_2})=2\times0.8/1.4 and p(N2O4)=2×0.6/1.4p(\mathrm{N_2O_4})=2\times0.6/1.4, so Kp=4α2P1−α2=4(0.16)(2)0.84=1.52 barK_p=\frac{4\alpha^2P}{1-\alpha^2}=\frac{4(0.16)(2)}{0.84}=1.52\ \mathrm{bar}. A is correct. At P=4P=4 bar, α=Kp/(Kp+4P)=1.524/17.524=0.295<0.30\alpha=\sqrt{K_p/(K_p+4P)}=\sqrt{1.524/17.524}=0.295<0.30, so B is correct. The average molar mass is 92/(1+α)=92/1.4=65.7 g mol−192/(1+\alpha)=92/1.4=65.7\ \mathrm{g\,mol^{-1}}, so C is correct. In D, an inert gas at constant volume does not change any partial pressure or concentration, so QQ stays equal to KK and the equilibrium does not shift; D is incorrect. Answer: A, B, C. Statement D is the standard trap: only a change in volume (equivalently total pressure through compression) can shift this equilibrium, not the addition of an inert gas at constant volume.
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