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JEE Advanced 2025 Paper 2 · Mathematics · Differentiation and Application of Derivatives · hard

Let g(x)=(ln x)/(x) for x>0.

One or more options correct

Let g(x)=ln⁡xxg(x)=\dfrac{\ln x}{x} for x>0x>0. Which of the following statements is/are correct?
  1. A. gg attains its maximum value 1e\dfrac1e at x=ex=e
  2. B. π e>e π\pi^{\,e}>e^{\,\pi}
  3. C. The equation x3=3xx^{3}=3^{x} has exactly two real solutions
  4. D. 20242025>202520242024^{2025}>2025^{2024}
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Answer: A, C, D

g′(x)=1−ln⁡xx2g'(x)=\dfrac{1-\ln x}{x^2}, positive on (0,e)(0,e) and negative on (e,∞)(e,\infty), so gg increases up to x=ex=e and decreases afterwards; the maximum is g(e)=1eg(e)=\tfrac1e. (A) true. (B) Since π>e\pi>e, g(π)<g(e)g(\pi)<g(e), i.e. ln⁡ππ<1e\dfrac{\ln\pi}\pi<\dfrac1e, so eln⁡π<πe\ln\pi<\pi and πe<eπ\pi^e<e^\pi; the claim πe>eπ\pi^e>e^\pi is false. (C) For x>0x>0, x3=3x  ⟺  g(x)=g(3)=ln⁡33>0x^3=3^x\iff g(x)=g(3)=\dfrac{\ln3}3>0. Since gg is strictly increasing on (0,e)(0,e) from −∞-\infty to 1e\tfrac1e and strictly decreasing on (e,∞)(e,\infty), the value g(3)<1eg(3)<\tfrac1e is taken exactly once on each side: at x=3x=3 and at some x≈2.48x\approx2.48. For x≤0x\le0, x3≤0<3xx^3\le0<3^x, so no roots there. Exactly two: true. (D) g(2024)>g(2025)g(2024)>g(2025) (both exceed ee), so 2025ln⁡2024>2024ln⁡20252025\ln2024>2024\ln2025, i.e. 20242025>202520242024^{2025}>2025^{2024}: true. Correct: A, C, D.
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