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JEE Advanced 2019 Paper 1 · Mathematics · Complex Numbers · medium

The number of complex numbers z satisfying z^7=z^ 3 and Re(z)>0 is

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The number of complex numbers zz satisfying z7=z‾ 3z^{7}=\overline{z}^{\,3} and Re⁡(z)>0\operatorname{Re}(z)>0 is
  1. A. 44
  2. B. 55
  3. C. 66
  4. D. 1111
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Answer: (B) 55

Taking moduli, ∣z∣7=∣z∣3|z|^7=|z|^3, so ∣z∣=0|z|=0 or ∣z∣=1|z|=1. The case z=0z=0 has Re⁡(z)=0\operatorname{Re}(z)=0 and is rejected. For ∣z∣=1|z|=1 write z=eiθz=e^{i\theta}; then z‾=e−iθ\overline z=e^{-i\theta} and the equation becomes e7iθ=e−3iθe^{7i\theta}=e^{-3i\theta}, i.e. e10iθ=1e^{10i\theta}=1, giving θ=2πk/10\theta=2\pi k/10 for k=0,1,…,9k=0,1,\dots,9 (10 solutions). Without the restriction the total would be 1111, which is a tempting wrong option. The condition cos⁡θ>0\cos\theta>0 keeps θ=0,±36∘,±72∘\theta=0,\pm36^\circ,\pm72^\circ, because θ=±90∘\theta=\pm90^\circ gives Re⁡z=0\operatorname{Re}z=0 and the remaining angles lie in the left half-plane. This gives exactly 55 numbers, so the answer is 55.
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