One or more options correct
Choose the correct statement(s).
- A. The acidity order is -nitrophenol phenol -cresol
- B. -Nitrophenol is more volatile in steam than -nitrophenol
- C. In aqueous solution the basic strength order is
- D. Aniline is a stronger base than benzylamine because its lone pair is delocalised into the ring and is therefore more available
Show answer and solution
Answer: A, B
(A) True: the , nitro group stabilises the phenoxide (), phenol has and the electron-donating methyl group destabilises the phenoxide in -cresol (). (B) True: -nitrophenol has intramolecular hydrogen bonding, so it is not associated and is steam volatile, whereas -nitrophenol is intermolecularly hydrogen bonded. (C) False: in water, solvation of the ammonium ion governs the order, which is (); trimethylamine is the weakest because it has only one N-H for hydrogen bonding to solvent. (D) False: delocalisation of the nitrogen lone pair into the ring makes it less available, so aniline () is a much weaker base than benzylamine (). Hence (A) and (B).
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