Single correct option
A long straight horizontal wire carries a steady current . A rigid rectangular loop of mass lies in the vertical plane containing the wire, directly above it. Its two horizontal sides, each of length , are parallel to the wire, the lower one at and the upper one at above the wire. Take and . The current in the loop (in a suitable sense) that makes the loop float in equilibrium is
- A.
- B.
- C.
- D.
Show answer and solution
Answer: (C)
For levitation the loop must be repelled by the wire, so the current in the lower horizontal side must be opposite to ; the current in the upper side is then parallel to and is attracted downward. The forces on the two vertical sides are equal and opposite and cancel. The net upward force is with m, m, m. Here , so newton. Setting N gives A. Using only the lower side gives 6.0 A, adding the two contributions gives 4.8 A, and using the loop height instead of gives 9.0 A, all of which are wrong.
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