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JEE Advanced 2024 Paper 2 · Physics · Magnetic Effects of Current · hard

A particle of mass m and charge q enters a region of uniform magnetic field vec B with speed v, its velocity making an angle of 60^° with vec B. A…

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A particle of mass mm and charge qq enters a region of uniform magnetic field B⃗\vec B with speed vv, its velocity making an angle of 60∘60^\circ with B⃗\vec B. A uniform electric field of magnitude E=vB2πE=\dfrac{vB}{2\pi} is also present, parallel to B⃗\vec B (so that it accelerates the particle along B⃗\vec B). Which of the following statements is/are correct?
  1. A. The radius of the circular projection of the path on a plane perpendicular to B⃗\vec B is 3 mv2qB\dfrac{\sqrt3\,mv}{2qB}.
  2. B. The time taken for one revolution of the projection is 2πmqB\dfrac{2\pi m}{qB}.
  3. C. The distance advanced along B⃗\vec B in one such revolution is 2πmvqB\dfrac{2\pi mv}{qB}.
  4. D. After one revolution the kinetic energy of the particle is exactly twice its initial value.
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Answer: A, B, C

Perpendicular to B⃗\vec B the motion is circular with speed vsin⁡60∘=32vv\sin60^\circ=\tfrac{\sqrt3}{2}v, so r=m(3v/2)qB=3mv2qBr=\dfrac{m(\sqrt3 v/2)}{qB}=\dfrac{\sqrt3mv}{2qB}; the electric field does not alter this, so (A) is correct. The period T=2πm/qBT=2\pi m/qB is independent of speed, so (B) is correct. Along B⃗\vec B the initial speed is vcos⁡60∘=v/2v\cos60^\circ=v/2 and the acceleration is qE/m=qvB/(2πm)qE/m=qv B/(2\pi m). In time TT: z=v2T+12qEmT2=πmvqB+πmvqB=2πmvqBz=\tfrac v2T+\tfrac12\dfrac{qE}{m}T^2=\dfrac{\pi mv}{qB}+\dfrac{\pi mv}{qB}=\dfrac{2\pi mv}{qB}, so (C) is correct. The work done by the electric field is qEz=q⋅vB2π⋅2πmvqB=mv2qEz=q\cdot\dfrac{vB}{2\pi}\cdot\dfrac{2\pi mv}{qB}=mv^2, which is twice the initial kinetic energy 12mv2\tfrac12mv^2. The final kinetic energy is therefore 3×3\times the initial value, not 2×2\times, so (D) is incorrect. Hence (A), (B), (C).
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