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JEE Advanced 2024 Paper 1 · Physics · Magnetic Effects of Current · hard

A small particle has specific charge q/m=500 C kg^-1. It is released from rest at the origin in a region with a uniform magnetic field B=0.1 T along…

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A small particle has specific charge q/m=500 C kg−1q/m=500\ \mathrm{C\,kg^{-1}}. It is released from rest at the origin in a region with a uniform magnetic field B=0.1 TB=0.1\ \mathrm{T} along +z+z and a uniform electric field E=0.06 V m−1E=0.06\ \mathrm{V\,m^{-1}} along +x+x. Gravity acts along −x-x with g=10 m s−2g=10\ \mathrm{m\,s^{-2}} and cannot be neglected. The maximum distance of the particle from the yzyz-plane, in millimetres, is
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Answer: 16

Net constant force per unit mass along xx: aeff=qEm−g=500×0.06−10=20 m s−2a_{eff}=\dfrac{qE}{m}-g=500\times0.06-10=20\ \mathrm{m\,s^{-2}} (along +x+x). The magnetic field gives the cyclotron frequency ω=qBm=500×0.1=50 rad s−1\omega=\dfrac{qB}{m}=500\times0.1=50\ \mathrm{rad\,s^{-1}}. A particle released from rest in a uniform magnetic field with a constant perpendicular force moves on a cycloid: it drifts with speed u=aeff/ω=0.4 m s−1u=a_{eff}/\omega=0.4\ \mathrm{m\,s^{-1}} along yy (direction F⃗×B⃗\vec F\times\vec B sense) and its excursion along the force direction is x(t)=aeffω2(1−cos⁡ωt)x(t)=\dfrac{a_{eff}}{\omega^2}(1-\cos\omega t). The maximum of xx is 2aeffω2=2×202500=0.016 m=16 mm\dfrac{2a_{eff}}{\omega^2}=\dfrac{2\times20}{2500}=0.016\ \mathrm{m}=16\ \mathrm{mm}. A numerical integration of the equations of motion gives the same peak. Using qE/m=30qE/m=30 instead of aeffa_{eff} (forgetting gravity) would give 2424 mm.
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