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JEE Advanced 2024 Paper 1 · Mathematics · Probability · hard

Three fair six-faced dice are rolled together. The probability that the product of the three numbers shown is divisible by 12 is m/n, where m and n…

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Three fair six-faced dice are rolled together. The probability that the product of the three numbers shown is divisible by 1212 is mn\dfrac mn, where mm and nn are coprime positive integers. The value of m+nm+n is ______.
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Answer: 307

12=4⋅312=4\cdot3, so the product must be divisible by 33 and by 44. Let AA = no face is 33 or 66 (product not divisible by 3), BB = product not divisible by 44. Required count =216−∣A∣−∣B∣+∣A∩B∣=216-|A|-|B|+|A\cap B|. ∣A∣=43=64|A|=4^3=64. For BB the power of 22 in the product is at most 11: faces {1,3,5}\{1,3,5\} contribute 202^0, face {2,6}\{2,6\} contribute 212^1, face 44 contributes 222^2. So either all three faces are odd (33=273^3=27 ways) or exactly one face is from {2,6}\{2,6\} and the other two odd (3⋅2⋅32=543\cdot2\cdot3^2=54 ways): ∣B∣=81|B|=81. For A∩BA\cap B use faces without 3,63,6: odd faces {1,5}\{1,5\}, even faces {2,4}\{2,4\}. All odd: 23=82^3=8; exactly one face equal to 22, others odd: 3⋅1⋅22=123\cdot1\cdot2^2=12; so ∣A∩B∣=20|A\cap B|=20. Count =216−64−81+20=91=216-64-81+20=91. Probability =91216=\dfrac{91}{216}, already in lowest terms (91=7⋅1391=7\cdot13), so m+n=307m+n=307. A direct enumeration of all 216216 outcomes confirms 9191.
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