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JEE Advanced 2020 Paper 1 · Chemistry · Carbonyl Compounds, Carboxylic Acids and Amines · hard

Two geometric isomers of acetophenone oxime are available. The Z isomer (hydroxyl group on the same side as the phenyl group) is treated with PCl5…

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Two geometric isomers of acetophenone oxime are available. The ZZ isomer (hydroxyl group on the same side as the phenyl group) is treated with PCl5\mathrm{PCl_5}, then the product is boiled with aqueous acid, the mixture is made basic and the amine fraction is separated. The amine is treated with NaNO2/HCl\mathrm{NaNO_2/HCl} at 00–5 ∘C5\ ^\circ\mathrm{C} and then with alkaline β\beta-naphthol. The correct description of the sequence is
  1. A. Acid hydrolysis gives benzoic acid and methylamine; no azo dye is formed
  2. B. Acid hydrolysis gives acetic acid and aniline; a scarlet azo dye is formed
  3. C. Acid hydrolysis gives benzoic acid and methylamine; a scarlet azo dye is formed
  4. D. Acid hydrolysis gives acetic acid and aniline; no azo dye is formed
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Answer: (A) Acid hydrolysis gives benzoic acid and methylamine; no azo dye is formed

In the Beckmann rearrangement the group anti to the leaving group on nitrogen (the activated N−OPCl4\mathrm{N{-}OPCl_4} group) migrates from carbon to nitrogen. In the ZZ isomer the hydroxyl group is syn to phenyl, so it is anti to the methyl group. The methyl group therefore migrates, and after loss of the leaving group and capture by water the product is the amide PhC(=O)NHCH3\mathrm{PhC(=O)NHCH_3} (N-methylbenzamide), not acetanilide. Acid hydrolysis then gives benzoic acid and methylammonium ion. Diazotisation works usefully only for aromatic primary amines: aliphatic diazonium ions decompose at once to alcohols or alkenes with loss of N2\mathrm{N_2}, so no diazonium salt survives for coupling and no azo dye forms with β\beta-naphthol. The EE isomer would instead give acetanilide, then aniline, a stable benzenediazonium salt and a scarlet azo dye. Hence option (A).
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