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JEE Advanced 2020 Paper 1 · Physics · Magnetic Effects of Current · medium

A closed wire loop consists of two concentric semicircular arcs of radii 0.10 m and 0.20 m having the common centre O, joined by two straight radial…

Numerical answer

A closed wire loop consists of two concentric semicircular arcs of radii 0.10 m0.10\ \mathrm{m} and 0.20 m0.20\ \mathrm{m} having the common centre OO, joined by two straight radial segments lying along the diameter through OO. A current of 10 A10\ \mathrm{A} flows round the loop. A proton moving at 2.0×105 m s−12.0\times10^{5}\ \mathrm{m\,s^{-1}} passes through OO in the plane of the loop. Using μ0=4π×10−7 T m A−1\mu_0=4\pi\times10^{-7}\ \mathrm{T\,m\,A^{-1}} and e=1.6×10−19 Ce=1.6\times10^{-19}\ \mathrm{C}, the magnitude of the magnetic force on the proton at OO is x×10−19 Nx\times10^{-19}\ \mathrm{N}. Find xx (give the answer correct to two decimal places).
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Answer: 5.03

The radial straight segments pass through OO (their lines contain OO), so they contribute no field there. Each semicircular arc of radius rr gives B=μ0I4rB=\frac{\mu_0I}{4r}. Going round the loop, the current traverses the two arcs in opposite senses (one clockwise, the other anticlockwise), so their fields at OO are opposite: B=μ0I4(10.10−10.20)=4π×10−7×104×5=1.5708×10−5 TB=\frac{\mu_0I}{4}\left(\frac1{0.10}-\frac1{0.20}\right)=\frac{4\pi\times10^{-7}\times10}{4}\times5=1.5708\times10^{-5}\ \mathrm{T}. The field at OO is normal to the plane of the loop, while the proton moves in that plane, so v⃗⊥B⃗\vec v\perp\vec B and the force is F=evB=1.6×10−19×2×105×1.5708×10−5=5.03×10−19F=evB=1.6\times10^{-19}\times2\times10^{5}\times1.5708\times10^{-5}=5.03\times10^{-19} N. Hence x=5.03x=5.03. Treating both arcs as adding would give 47.1 μT47.1\ \mu\mathrm{T} and a force three times larger.
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