Single correct option
Ravi's monthly salary is 25% more than Karan's. By what percentage is Karan's salary less than Ravi's?
- A. 25%
- B. 22.5%
- C. 20%
- D. 15%
Show answer and solution
Answer: (C) 20%
Let Karan's salary = 100. Then Ravi's = 125.
Karan's salary is less than Ravi's by 25, and this must be expressed as a percentage of Ravi's salary (the base of comparison): 25/125 × 100 = 20%.
Why 25% is wrong: 25% uses Karan's salary as the base, which is the reverse comparison.
Shortcut: If A is r% more than B, then B is r/(100 + r) × 100 % less than A. Here 25/125 = 1/5 = 20%.
Karan's salary is less than Ravi's by 25, and this must be expressed as a percentage of Ravi's salary (the base of comparison): 25/125 × 100 = 20%.
Why 25% is wrong: 25% uses Karan's salary as the base, which is the reverse comparison.
Shortcut: If A is r% more than B, then B is r/(100 + r) × 100 % less than A. Here 25/125 = 1/5 = 20%.
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