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JEE Advanced 2017 Paper 2 · Mathematics · Differentiation and Application of Derivatives · medium

Consider four real functions, each defined on the whole real line, and examine differentiability at the stated point. Which conclusions hold?

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Consider four real functions, each defined on the whole real line, and examine differentiability at the stated point. Which conclusions hold?
  1. A. g(x)=(x2−1) ∣x−1∣g(x)=(x^2-1)\,|x-1| is differentiable at x=1x=1
  2. B. h(x)=∣x∣cos⁡xh(x)=|x|\cos x is differentiable at x=0x=0
  3. C. p(x)=max⁡{sin⁡x,cos⁡x}p(x)=\max\{\sin x,\cos x\} is differentiable at x=π/4x=\pi/4
  4. D. q(x)={xsin⁡(1/x),x≠00,x=0q(x)=\begin{cases}x\sin(1/x),&x\neq0\\0,&x=0\end{cases} is differentiable at x=0x=0
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Answer: A

(A) g(x)=(x−1)(x+1)∣x−1∣g(x)=(x-1)(x+1)|x-1|. Near 11, g(x)=±(x+1)(x−1)2g(x)=\pm(x+1)(x-1)^2, so g(1+h)−g(1)h=±(2+h)h→0\frac{g(1+h)-g(1)}{h}=\pm(2+h)h\to0 from both sides; the one-sided derivatives agree, so g is differentiable. True. (B) h(x)−h(0)x=∣x∣cos⁡xx→+1\frac{h(x)-h(0)}{x}=\frac{|x|\cos x}{x}\to+1 from the right and −1-1 from the left; false. (C) At π/4\pi/4 the two functions cross with slopes cos⁡π4=12\cos\frac\pi4=\frac{1}{\sqrt2} and −sin⁡π4=−12-\sin\frac\pi4=-\frac1{\sqrt2}, giving a corner; false. (D) The difference quotient is sin⁡(1/h)\sin(1/h), which oscillates between −1-1 and 11 and has no limit; false. Only A is correct. Remember the test: a function with a modulus factor is differentiable at the zero of the modulus only if the other factor also vanishes there, and the oscillating example fails because no limit exists.
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