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JEE Advanced 2016 Paper 1 · Physics · Atoms, Nuclei and Dual Nature of Radiation · hard

Photons emitted when He^+ ions make the transition from the n=3 to the n=1 level fall on a metal plate of work function 4.0 eV. The fastest…

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Photons emitted when He+\mathrm{He^{+}} ions make the transition from the n=3n=3 to the n=1n=1 level fall on a metal plate of work function 4.0 eV4.0\ \mathrm{eV}. The fastest photoelectrons leave the plate perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field of 1.0 mT1.0\ \mathrm{mT} and move on circles. Take the hydrogen ground-state energy as −13.6 eV-13.6\ \mathrm{eV}, me=9.11×10−31 kgm_e=9.11\times10^{-31}\ \mathrm{kg} and e=1.6×10−19 Ce=1.6\times10^{-19}\ \mathrm{C}. The radius of the largest circle is closest to
  1. A. 2.25 cm2.25\ \mathrm{cm}
  2. B. 2.35 cm2.35\ \mathrm{cm}
  3. C. 0.96 cm0.96\ \mathrm{cm}
  4. D. 1.59 cm1.59\ \mathrm{cm}
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Answer: (A) 2.25 cm2.25\ \mathrm{cm}

For a hydrogen-like ion En=−13.6 Z2/n2 eVE_n=-13.6\,Z^2/n^2\ \mathrm{eV}, so for He+\mathrm{He^+} (Z=2Z=2) the 3→13\to1 photon has energy 13.6×4×(1−19)=48.36 eV13.6\times4\times\left(1-\tfrac19\right)=48.36\ \mathrm{eV}. The maximum kinetic energy of photoelectrons is K=48.36−4.0=44.36 eVK=48.36-4.0=44.36\ \mathrm{eV} (Einstein's equation). In the field the magnetic force supplies the centripetal force, r=mveB=2mKeBr=\dfrac{mv}{eB}=\dfrac{\sqrt{2mK}}{eB}. With K=44.36×1.6×10−19 JK=44.36\times1.6\times10^{-19}\ \mathrm{J} this gives 2×9.11×10−31×7.10×10−18≈3.60×10−24 kg m s−1\sqrt{2\times9.11\times10^{-31}\times7.10\times10^{-18}}\approx3.60\times10^{-24}\ \mathrm{kg\,m\,s^{-1}} and r≈3.60×10−241.6×10−19×10−3≈2.25 cmr\approx\dfrac{3.60\times10^{-24}}{1.6\times10^{-19}\times10^{-3}}\approx2.25\ \mathrm{cm}. Using the photon energy instead of KK gives 2.35 cm2.35\ \mathrm{cm}, treating the ion as hydrogen (Z=1Z=1, K=8.09 eVK=8.09\ \mathrm{eV}) gives 0.96 cm0.96\ \mathrm{cm}, and halving KK gives 1.59 cm1.59\ \mathrm{cm}. The speed of the electrons is about 4×106 m s−14\times10^{6}\ \mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}, so the non-relativistic formula is adequate.
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