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JEE Advanced 2024 Paper 2 · Chemistry · Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure · medium

How many of the following species are paramagnetic: O2^2-, B2, NO, [Ni(CN)4]^2-, [NiCl4]^2-, [Fe(CN)6]^4-, [CoF6]^3-, C2? Fe 26, Co 27, Ni 28…

Numerical answer

How many of the following species are paramagnetic: O22−\mathrm{O_2^{2-}}, B2\mathrm{B_2}, NO\mathrm{NO}, [Ni(CN)4]2−\mathrm{[Ni(CN)_4]^{2-}}, [NiCl4]2−\mathrm{[NiCl_4]^{2-}}, [Fe(CN)6]4−\mathrm{[Fe(CN)_6]^{4-}}, [CoF6]3−\mathrm{[CoF_6]^{3-}}, C2\mathrm{C_2}? (Atomic numbers: Fe 26, Co 27, Ni 28; [Ni(CN)4]2−\mathrm{[Ni(CN)_4]^{2-}} is square planar and [NiCl4]2−\mathrm{[NiCl_4]^{2-}} is tetrahedral.)
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Answer: 4

Count unpaired electrons in each. O22−\mathrm{O_2^{2-}} (peroxide, 18 electrons): all π∗\pi^* orbitals filled, bond order 1, diamagnetic. B2\mathrm{B_2} (10 electrons): the last two electrons occupy degenerate π2px\pi_{2p_x} and π2py\pi_{2p_y} singly, paramagnetic. NO\mathrm{NO} (15 electrons) has one electron in π∗\pi^*, paramagnetic. [Ni(CN)4]2−\mathrm{[Ni(CN)_4]^{2-}}: Ni2+\mathrm{Ni^{2+}} d8d^8, square planar strong field, all paired, diamagnetic. [NiCl4]2−\mathrm{[NiCl_4]^{2-}}: d8d^8 tetrahedral, two unpaired electrons, paramagnetic. [Fe(CN)6]4−\mathrm{[Fe(CN)_6]^{4-}}: Fe2+\mathrm{Fe^{2+}} d6d^6 low spin t2g6t_{2g}^6, diamagnetic. [CoF6]3−\mathrm{[CoF_6]^{3-}}: Co3+\mathrm{Co^{3+}} d6d^6, weak-field F−\mathrm{F^-}, high spin with four unpaired electrons, paramagnetic. C2\mathrm{C_2} (12 electrons) has both electrons paired in π2p\pi_{2p} orbitals, diamagnetic. Paramagnetic species: B2\mathrm{B_2}, NO, [NiCl4]2−\mathrm{[NiCl_4]^{2-}}, [CoF6]3−\mathrm{[CoF_6]^{3-}}, so the answer is 4.
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