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NDA 2019 Maths · Mathematics · Circles · hard

The circles x^2+y^2=16 and x^2+y^2-6x-8y+9=0 have exactly how many common tangents?

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The circles x2+y2=16x^2+y^2=16 and x2+y2−6x−8y+9=0x^2+y^2-6x-8y+9=0 have exactly how many common tangents?
  1. A. 11
  2. B. 22
  3. C. 33
  4. D. 44
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Answer: (B) 22

The first circle has centre (0,0)(0,0) and radius 44. The second has centre (3,4)(3,4) and radius 9+16−9=4\sqrt{9+16-9}=4. The distance between the centres is 55, which lies between ∣4−4∣=0|4-4|=0 and 4+4=84+4=8, so the circles intersect at two points and have exactly 22 common tangents. Four tangents need disjoint circles; three need external touching.
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