The Diwani (right to collect revenue) of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa was granted to the East India Company in 1765 by

After defeating the combined forces of Mir Qasim, the Nawab of Awadh and the Mughal emperor at Buxar in 1764, Robert Clive obtained the Diwani from the Mughal emperor Shah Alam II through the Treaty of Allahabad in 1765. This gave the Company control of revenue collection in the three provinces. Siraj-ud-Daulah had already been defeated at Plassey in 1757, and Aurangzeb died in 1707.