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JEE Advanced 2021 Paper 2 · Physics · Atoms, Nuclei and Dual Nature of Radiation · medium

A sample of hydrogen-like Li^2+ ions (Z=3) is excited so that every ion is in the n=3 state, and the emitted radiation is incident on a metal of work…

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A sample of hydrogen-like Li2+\mathrm{Li^{2+}} ions (Z=3Z=3) is excited so that every ion is in the n=3n=3 state, and the emitted radiation is incident on a metal of work function 4.0 eV4.0\ \mathrm{eV}. Use En=−13.6 Z2/n2 eVE_n=-13.6\,Z^2/n^2\ \mathrm{eV} and the first Bohr radius 0.529 A˚0.529\ \text{\AA}. Which of the following is/are correct?
  1. A. The ions can emit three distinct spectral lines.
  2. B. The maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons is 100.8 eV100.8\ \mathrm{eV}.
  3. C. The stopping potential for the radiation of the 3→23\to2 transition is 21 V21\ \mathrm{V}.
  4. D. The de Broglie wavelength of the electron in the n=3n=3 orbit is 9.96 A˚9.96\ \text{\AA}.
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Answer: A

Each ion in n=3n=3 can decay 3→23\to2, 2→12\to1 or 3→13\to1, so three lines appear; (A) is true. The energies are E31=122.4(1−19)=108.8 eVE_{31}=122.4\left(1-\tfrac19\right)=108.8\ \mathrm{eV}, E21=122.4×34=91.8 eVE_{21}=122.4\times\tfrac34=91.8\ \mathrm{eV} and E32=122.4(14−19)=17.0 eVE_{32}=122.4\left(\tfrac14-\tfrac19\right)=17.0\ \mathrm{eV}. The most energetic photon gives Kmax=108.8−4.0=104.8 eVK_{max}=108.8-4.0=104.8\ \mathrm{eV}, not 100.8 eV100.8\ \mathrm{eV}, so (B) is false. For the 3→23\to2 photon, eVs=17.0−4.0=13.0 eVeV_s=17.0-4.0=13.0\ \mathrm{eV}, so Vs=13 VV_s=13\ \mathrm{V} and (C) is false. The orbit radius is r3=0.529×9/3=1.587 A˚r_3=0.529\times9/3=1.587\ \text{\AA}; the quantisation condition 2πr3=3λ2\pi r_3=3\lambda gives λ=2πr3/3=3.32 A˚\lambda=2\pi r_3/3=3.32\ \text{\AA}, not 9.96 A˚9.96\ \text{\AA}, so (D) is false. Remember that a hydrogen-like ion gives Z2Z^2 times the hydrogen energies, so each level is nine times deeper than in hydrogen.
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