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JEE Advanced Ionic Equilibrium questions with solutions

Acids and bases, pH, buffers, hydrolysis and solubility product. 21 questions from our 2016–2025 JEE Advanced pattern papers, from the Class 11 Chemistry syllabus. Each has the answer and a full solution.

Also practise: Ionic Equilibrium for JEE Main

JEE Advanced 2025

Match the aqueous solutions in List-I (at 298 K; Ka(CH3COOH)=Kb(NH3)=1.8×10^-5, Kw=10^-14, log 1.8=0.255) with their pH in List-II. List-I (P) 20 mL…JEE Advanced 2025 Paper 1 · hard
At 298 K, solid AgCl (Ksp=1.8×10^-10) is shaken with 0.10 M aqueous NH3, forming [Ag(NH3)2]^+ with formation constant Kf=1.6×10^7. Assuming that all…JEE Advanced 2025 Paper 2 · hard

JEE Advanced 2024

20.0 mL of 0.20 M MgCl2 is mixed with 20.0 mL of a buffer containing NH3 and NH4Cl. Given Kb(NH3)=2.0×10^-5 and Ksp[Mg(OH)2]=1.0×10^-11, the minimum…JEE Advanced 2024 Paper 1 · medium
A weak monobasic acid HA has Ka=1.0×10^-5 at 298 K (Kw=1.0×10^-14).JEE Advanced 2024 Paper 2 · medium

JEE Advanced 2023

A solution is 0.10 M in each of M^2+ and N^2+ and is saturated with H2S (concentration 0.10 M, kept constant by continuous bubbling). Given Ka1× Ka2…JEE Advanced 2023 Paper 1 · hard
Aqueous solutions are prepared at 298 K using a weak acid HA with Ka=1.0×10^-5 and a weak base BOH with Kb=1.0×10^-5. Match the solution in List-I…JEE Advanced 2023 Paper 1 · medium
55.0 mL of 0.200 M aqueous NH3 (Kb=1.00×10^-5 at 298 K) is mixed with 50.0 mL of 0.200 M HCl and the resulting solution is diluted with water to 1.00…JEE Advanced 2023 Paper 2 · medium

JEE Advanced 2022

Equal volumes (50.0 mL each) of 0.20 M weak acid HA (Ka=1.0×10^-5) and 0.20 M weak base BOH (Kb=1.0×10^-3) are mixed at 298 K (Kw=1.0×10^-14). Treat…JEE Advanced 2022 Paper 2 · medium

JEE Advanced 2021

Paragraph 1: Calcium fluoride is a sparingly soluble salt with Ksp=3.2×10^-11 at 298 K. Fluoride is the conjugate base of the weak acid HF with…JEE Advanced 2021 Paper 2 · 2-question set

JEE Advanced 2020

Take the pKa values of phosphoric acid as 2.15, 7.20 and 12.35. A 100 mL portion of 0.200 M Na3PO4 is mixed with 100 mL of 0.250 M HCl, and to the…JEE Advanced 2020 Paper 1 · hard
A solution contains 0.10 M MgCl2 and 0.70 M NH4Cl. Ammonia gas is passed in slowly at 298 K. Given Ksp[Mg(OH)2]=1.0×10^-11 and Kb(NH3)=1.0×10^-5, the…JEE Advanced 2020 Paper 2 · medium

JEE Advanced 2019

The solubility product of AgCl is 1.8×10^-10 and the formation constant of [Ag(NH3)2]^+ is 1.6×10^7 (both at 298 K). The molar solubility of AgCl in…JEE Advanced 2019 Paper 1 · hard
100 mL of 0.20 M NH3 is mixed with 100 mL of 0.10 M HCl to form a buffer. Take Kb(NH3)=1.8×10^-5 and Ksp[Mg(OH)2]=1.0×10^-11. Neglecting any volume…JEE Advanced 2019 Paper 2 · medium

JEE Advanced 2018

A solution is 0.010 M in Mg^2+ and contains 0.10 M NH3. Solid NH4Cl is added (no volume change) so that Mg(OH)2 just fails to precipitate. Given…JEE Advanced 2018 Paper 1 · medium
A 0.50 mol kg^-1 aqueous solution of a weak monobasic acid HA (Ka=4.0×10^-4) is prepared. Assuming that molality can be used in place of molarity in…JEE Advanced 2018 Paper 2 · medium
At 298 K take Ka(CH3COOH)=1.8×10^-5 and Kb(NH3)=1.8×10^-5 (so pKa=4.74 for acetic acid). Match the solutions in List-I with their pH in List-II and…JEE Advanced 2018 Paper 2 · hard

JEE Advanced 2017

A buffer is prepared by mixing 50.0 mL of 0.200 M NH3 with 50.0 mL of 0.100 M HCl at 298 K. Take Kb(NH3)=1.8×10^-5, log 1.8=0.255, Kw=1.0×10^-14, and…JEE Advanced 2017 Paper 1 · medium
A solution contains 0.100 M NH3 and 0.010 M Mg^2+. Given Kb(NH3)=1.8×10^-5 and Ksp[Mg(OH)2]=1.2×10^-11, what mass of solid NH4Cl (molar mass 53.5 g…JEE Advanced 2017 Paper 2 · medium

JEE Advanced 2016

(s) about acidity and basicity.JEE Advanced 2016 Paper 1 · medium
A solution contains 0.010 M Mg^2+ and 1.5 M NH4Cl. Aqueous ammonia is added gradually. Given Ksp[Mg(OH)2]=4.0×10^-12 and Kb(NH3)=1.0×10^-5, find the…JEE Advanced 2016 Paper 1 · medium

Other Chemistry topics

Alcohols, Phenols, Ethers and Haloalkanes 11 Atomic Structure 9 Biomolecules and Polymers 8 Carbonyl Compounds, Carboxylic Acids and Amines 20 Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure 17 Chemical Equilibrium 12 Chemical Kinetics 24 Chemical Thermodynamics 21 Coordination Compounds 23 Electrochemistry 22 General Organic Chemistry and Isomerism 37 Hydrocarbons 12 Mole Concept and Stoichiometry 6 Qualitative and Practical Chemistry 7 Redox Reactions and Titrations 15 Solutions, Solid State and Surface Chemistry 26 d- and f-Block Elements and Metallurgy 11 s-Block, p-Block Elements and Hydrogen 29